Baby Bok choy, botanically classified as Brassica rapa susbp. chinensis, is a small, non-heading cabbage that grows green blades and is a member of the Brassicaceae family along with broccoli, kale, and mustard. Native to China, Baby Bok choy is an early-harvested, compact plant that is more tender and sweeter than its mature counterparts. Bok choy translates from Chinese to mean “white cabbage,” and there are multiple varieties of Baby Bok choy with varying sizes and colors ranging from dark green leaves with white stems to green leaves with pale green stems. Baby Bok choy is also known by many different names due to differing Asian dialects and is mostly found under Pak choy, Spoon Cabbage, Bok choi, and Pak choi. The small cabbages are favored for their mild taste, tender consistency, and high nutritional properties, predominately used in salads, soups, stir-fries, and side dishes.

Nutritional Value

Baby Bok choy is an excellent source of vitamins A, C, and K, and beta-carotene, which are antioxidants that help the body fight against environmental aggressors and is a good source of fiber to stimulate digestion. The greens also contain calcium, potassium, vitamin B6, magnesium, and folate to help support bone strength and fight against inflammation.

Applications

Baby Bok choy is best suited for both raw and cooked applications such as stir-frying, braising, grilling, steaming, boiling, and sautéing. The tender nature of the stem and leaves is showcased when chopped and tossed into fresh green salads, or the raw leaves can be mixed into a slaw with carrots and garlic. In cooked applications, Baby Bok choy can be sliced in half and added to soups, quickly cooked in stir-fries with other vegetables, mixed into noodle dishes, or tossed with cooked meats and rice. One advantage of Baby Bok choy is the vegetable’s fast cooking time and small shape. The curved leaves provide a pleasing aesthetic in dishes and do not need to be finely chopped to retain a tender texture. Baby Bok choy pairs well with aromatics such as garlic and ginger, mushrooms, bell pepper, broccoli, carrots, herbs such as basil, cilantro, and mint, sesame seeds, sauces such as soy, hoisin, and oyster, tofu, meats such as poultry, pork, and white fish, noodles, chicken broth, and light-bodied vinegars. The leaves and stems will keep up to three days when loosely stored in a plastic bag and kept in the crisper drawer of the refrigerator.

Ethnic/Cultural Info

In traditional Chinese medicine, Bok choy is considered to be a cooling ingredient that can help balance energy in organs such as the kidneys, lungs, stomach, brain, and gall bladder. The cabbage first became well-known when it was mentioned in the acclaimed Compendium of Materia Medica, which is a comprehensive book recording traditional Chinese medicine practices, written by 16th-century Chinese pharmacist Li Shizhen. In the book, Shizhen wrote about the disease-fighting properties of bok choy, and since the book was published, bok choy has become a staple ingredient in Asian cooking. Bok choy is also believed to help improve digestion, detox and lubricate the intestines, and boost metabolism.

Geography/History

Bok choy is native to China, originally from the Yangtze River Delta, where it has been cultivated for thousands of years. In the 14th century, bok choy was transported via trade routes to Korea during the Joseon Dynasty, where it would become a key ingredient in kimchi. It was later introduced to Southeast Asia in the 16th century and Europe in the 19th century. Today Baby Bok choy is still widely cultivated across Asia and Southeast Asia, and it is also grown and sold at farmers markets and specialty grocers in Australia, South Africa, Europe, Canada, South America, the Caribbean, Central America, and the United States.

CABBAGE

Like most other cole crops, cabbage grows best where there is a cool fall growing season with light frosts. Cabbage is a water and nutrient hog, requiring a high nitrogen and potassium fertilizer. Cabbage is ready for harvest when heads are firm. It is common for a second smaller head to form if enough of the stem was left intact from the initial harvest. This versatile crop can be made into cole slaw or sauerkraut, stuffed, braised, added to soup, or sauteed.

COMMON PESTS: Aphids, Flea Beetles, Slugs, Cabbageworms, Cabbage Loopers

SUSCEPTIBLE TO: Black rot, clubroot